Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Graphics Communications Industry Essay Example for Free
Graphics Communications Industry Essay Graphics Communications Industry, according to the College of Technology at the University of Houston, is defined as the processes and industries that create, develop, produce, and disseminate products utilizing or incorporating words or pictorial images to convey information, ideas, and feelings. Its products make possible learning, enjoyment, enthusiasm, and business. These products like books, magazine, maps, invitation, etc. are part of peopleââ¬â¢s daily life. Graphic Communications includes those market sectors that exploit the technologies of printing, publishing, packaging, electronic imaging, and other associated industries. They are often referred to as the graphic arts, print, or imaging industries. Graphic communication companies are entrepreneurial and innovative. Ideas are created on the computer and carried through different stages that can include the Internet as well as printed forms of several types and variations. Due to the emerging technological advances, companies in the business have expanded services such as creative design, e-commerce, web page design and hosting, mailing, fulfillment, and a multitude of services that provide parallel marketing beyond the major printing activity. (Education Summit for the Graphic Arts 1) The field of Graphic Communications is obviously a technology-based system. It includes the developing technologies of computer-age press, image generation, data repurposing, designing and posting internet web pages, interactive multimedia, digital photography, electronic digital imaging, and desktop publishing. Furthermore, it offers a lot of career opportunities. Thus, it contributes a lot to the economy. It needs millions of people in a range of challenging technical, creative, or professional activities. They vary from small companies with a few workers to large plants with several hundred people on multiple shifts. Almost all companies have acquired modern computerized equipment and stay updated with technology changes taking place in the industry. The top ten leading states in total number of graphic communication employees are California, Illinois, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Ohio, Wisconsin, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Michigan. (Education Summit for the Graphic Arts 1) REFERENCES: ââ¬Å"Graphic Communications Industry. â⬠(2006). College of Technology, University of Houston. 7 April 2009 â⬠¹http://graphics. tech. uh. edu/industry/industry. phpâ⬠º ââ¬Å"The GraphicCommunication Industry: A Quick Overview. â⬠(April, 2008). Education Summit for the Graphic Arts. 7 April 2009 â⬠¹http://teched. vt. edu/gcc/HTML/CareerInfo/PDFs/GraphicCommunicationOverview. pdfâ⬠º
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
The Joy Luck Club :: essays research papers
-The Sisters of Misunderstanding- à à à à à Parents always want what is best for their children, regardless of culture or ethnicity. In The Joy Luck Club, by Amy Tan, and in ââ¬Å"Life With Fatherâ⬠by Itabari Njeri, the parents express their parental methods upon their daughters. Children will all react differently to their parentââ¬â¢s methods, as do Waverly, June, and Itabari, but they still share a common resentment for their parents. It is shown in the two stories how parental methods expressed to children can be misinterpreted, thus influencing the childââ¬â¢s behavior. à à à à à Juneââ¬â¢s mother wants her to become a successful piano player. The problem with this is that June possesses no talent or determination to do so, so she doesnââ¬â¢t practice. Her mother cleans an old deaf piano teacherââ¬â¢s apartment in exchange for June to be taught piano, but the teacher canââ¬â¢t correct June when she makes a mistake, because he cant hear. Juneââ¬â¢s mother encouraged her to practice and would always brag about how good she was to everyone. Juneââ¬â¢s mother enjoyed having pride in her daughter, as she thought her daughter was a representation of how successful she was herself. June did not appreciate this at all. After making a fool of herself at the talent show she vowed to never play piano again. Her motherââ¬â¢s wishes for her success were mistaken for her motherââ¬â¢s selfishness. June thought her mother was only pushing her to find something in her daughter that was not in herself. à à à à à Waverly was the same as June, in that her mother also wanted her to become great at something. Waverlyââ¬â¢s mother saw her being a child prodigy of chess. Once she saw that Waverly was good at it, she encouraged her to play. Waverly enjoyed chess and took it upon herself to get good at chess. June could possibly have been successful with the piano, but she would not embrace her motherââ¬â¢s hopes to that degree. It seemed that Waverly had an ability inherited from her mother to conceal feelings and strategies, much like what is needed to win a chess match. Waverly got along better with her mother than June did, but Juneââ¬â¢s mother pushed her in a direction she didnââ¬â¢t want to go in, rather than taking credit for success. Both actions were misconceived however. à à à à à Waverly has the ability to humiliate June, as she did at the New Yearââ¬â¢s dinner. Those with self-confidence such as Waverly easily insult June.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Literature Introduction Essay
What Is Literature and Why Do We Study It? â⬠¢ Literature is ââ¬â Composition that tells a story, dramatizes a situation, expresses emotions, analyzes and advocates ideas ââ¬â Helps us grow personally and intellectually ââ¬â Provides an objective base for knowledge and understanding ââ¬â Shapes our goals and values by clarifying our own identities, both positively and negatively ââ¬â Literature makes us human. Genres â⬠¢ Four genres of literature: ââ¬â Prose fiction â⬠¢ Myths, parables, romances, novels, short stories ââ¬â Poetry â⬠¢ Open form and closed form â⬠¢ Relies on imagery, figurative language, sound ââ¬â Drama. â⬠¢ Made up of dialogue and set direction â⬠¢ Designed to be performed ââ¬â Nonfiction prose â⬠¢ News reports, feature articles, essays, editorials, textbooks, historical and biographical works Guidelines for Reading Literature â⬠¢ First reading ââ¬â Determine what is happening, where, what, who is involved, major characters ââ¬â Make a record of your reactions and responses ââ¬â Describe characterizations, events, techniques and ideas â⬠¢ Second reading ââ¬â Trace developing patterns ââ¬â Write expanded notes about characters, situations, actions ââ¬â Write paragraph describing your reactions and thoughts ââ¬â Write down questions that arise as you read (in the margins) Writing a Precis â⬠¢ Precis = a concise summary = paraphrase ââ¬â Retell the highlights so reader will know main sections ââ¬â Only essential details ââ¬â they must be correct and accurate ââ¬â Must be an original essay, written in your own words ââ¬â Be sure to introduce the title and author ââ¬â Avoid judgments ââ¬â Use present tense when retelling a story Elements of Fiction â⬠¢ Essence of fiction = narration (the telling) â⬠¢ Elements of fiction = verisimilitude and donnee ââ¬â Verisimilitude = realism â⬠¢ Must be compelling enough that the reader can ââ¬Å"suspend disbeliefâ⬠ââ¬â Donnee = premise â⬠¢ Something given by which you can judge the realism = ground rules. â⬠¢ Sources of elements ââ¬â Character, plot, structure, theme, symbolism, style, point of view, tone, irony Plot and Structure â⬠¢ Plot = reflection of motivation and causation ââ¬â No plot = The king died and then the queen died. ââ¬â Plot = The king died, and then the queen died of grief. â⬠¢ Conflict = controlling impulse in a connected pattern of causes and effects ââ¬â Opposition of two or more people (e. g. , hatred, envy, anger, argument, avoidance, gossip, lies, fighting, etc. ) â⬠¢ Dilemma = Conflict within or for one person ââ¬â Conflict is a major element of plot because it arouses curiosity, causes. doubt, creates tension, produces interest ââ¬â No tension = no interest Structure of Fiction â⬠¢ Structure defines the layout of the work Crisis Complication Climax Exposition Resolution (denouement) Another structural element used sometimes = Flashback Characters in Fiction â⬠¢ Character = verbal representation of a human being ââ¬â Rounded = lifelike, full, dynamic, reader can predict future behavior because of an understanding of the personality ââ¬â Protagonist = the hero or heroine, main person in the story, person on the quest, etc. ââ¬â Antagonist = the person causing the conflict, in opposition to the protagonist, the obstacle, etc. ââ¬â Flat = no growth, static ââ¬â Stock = representative of a group or class (stereotypical) ââ¬â Characters disclosed through â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ Actions Descriptions, both personal and environmental Dramatic statements and thoughts Statements by other characters Statements by the author speaking as storyteller, or observer ââ¬â Characters need to have verisimilitude, be probable or plausible Point of View â⬠¢ Refers to speaker, narrator, persona or voice created by the author to tell the story â⬠¢ Point of view depends on two factors: ââ¬â Physical situation of the narrator as an observer ââ¬â Speakerââ¬â¢s intellectual and emotional position â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ â⬠¢ First person = I, we Second person = You (uncommon) Third person = He, she, they (most common) Point of view may be: ââ¬â Dramatic/objective = strictly reporting ââ¬â Omniscient = all-knowing ââ¬â Limited omniscient = some insight Setting â⬠¢ Setting = a workââ¬â¢s natural, manufactured, political, cultural and temporal environment, including everything that characters know and own (place, time, objects) â⬠¢ Major purpose = to establish realism or verisimilitude, and to organize a story â⬠¢ Setting helps create atmosphere or mood â⬠¢ Setting may reinforce characters and theme, in order to establish expectations that are the opposite of what occurs = irony. Tone and Style â⬠¢ Tone = methods by which writers and speakers reveal attitudes or feelings â⬠¢ Style = ways in which writers assemble words to tell the story, to develop an argument, dramatize the play, compose the poem ââ¬â Choice of words in the service of content â⬠¢ Essential aspect of style is diction ââ¬â Formal = standard or elegant words ââ¬â Neutral = everyday standard vocabulary ââ¬â Informal = colloquial, substandard language, slang Tone and Style (contââ¬â¢d) â⬠¢ Language may be: ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â Specific = images General = broad classes Concrete = qualities of immediate perception Abstract = broader, less palpable qualities â⬠¢ Denotation = word meanings â⬠¢ Connotation = word suggestions â⬠¢ Verbal irony = contradictory statements ââ¬â One thing said, opposite is meant ââ¬â Irony = satire, parody, sarcasm, double entendre â⬠¢ Understatement = does not fully describe the importance of a situation ââ¬â deliberately â⬠¢ Hyperbole (overstatement) = words far in excess of the situation Symbolism and Allegory â⬠¢ Symbolism and allegory are modes that expand meaning â⬠¢ Symbol creates a direct, meaningful equation between: ââ¬â A specific object, scene, character, or action ââ¬â Ideas, values, persons or ways of life â⬠¢ Symbols may be: ââ¬â Cultural (universal) = known by most literate people (e. g. , white dove, color black) ââ¬â Contextual (authorial) = private, created by the author Symbolism and Allegory (contââ¬â¢d) â⬠¢ Allegory is a symbol = complete and self-sufficient narrative (e. g. , ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠) â⬠¢ Fable = stories about animals that possess human traits (e. g. , Aesopââ¬â¢s Fables) â⬠¢ Parable = allegory with moral or religious bent (e.g. , Biblical stories) â⬠¢ Myth = story that embodies and codifies religious, philosophical and cultural values of the civilization in which it is composed (e. g. , George Washington chopping down the cherry tree) â⬠¢ Allusion = the use of other culturally well=known works from the Bible, Greek and Roman mythology, famous art, etc. Idea or Theme â⬠¢ Idea = results of general and abstract thinking â⬠¢ Literature embodies values along with ideas ââ¬â In literature, ideas relate to meaning, interpretation, explanation and significance ââ¬â Ideas are vital to an understanding and appreciation of literature. â⬠¢ Ideas are not as obvious as character or setting. It is important to consider the meaning of what youââ¬â¢ve read and then develop an explanatory and comprehensive assertion. â⬠¢ Theme can be found in any of these: ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â ââ¬â Direct statements by the authorial voice Direct statements by a first-person speaker Dramatic statements by characters Figurative language, characters who stand for ideas The work itself.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Rights And Protection Of Our Future Generations
Introduction It is difficult to imagine a world where children have no voice in society, and a government that lacks laws endorsing the rights and protection of our future generations. And yet, there are still millions of children around the world who suffer from human rights abuses and other forms of protection. For example, ââ¬Å"Children in Nepal, Uganda, and the Congo are used as soldiers on the front lines of armed conflicts. Police in Bulgaria and Guatemala beat and torture homeless street children; disabled children in Romanian orphanages are confined to cribs for life, eating and defecating in their crib. Millions of children around the world, including in developed countries such as England and the United States, are subject to poverty, violence, rape, and cruelty ââ¬Å"(Human Rights, 2008). Although it may seem like these issues are primarily outside of the U.S. what about issues that children in our culture struggle with even today? For example, what is easy to miss by someone who has never traveled outside of the U.S., why is it that children around the world die of hunger and thirst, are abandoned, and forced to fend for themselves? Why should governments feel obligated to care and protect children when they donââ¬â¢t have any political rights and are not bringing immediate benefits to the current government or to its economy? An important issue revolves around prioritization of rights when resources are limited or when rights conflict (Khadka, 2013). The history ofShow MoreRelatedThe Rights And Protection Of Our Future Generations1819 Words à |à 8 PagesIt is difficult to imagine a world where children have no voice in society and a government that lacks laws endorsing the rights and protection of our future generations. And yet, there are still millions of children around the world who suffer from human rights abuses and other forms of protection. For example, ââ¬Å"Children in Nepal, Uganda, and the Congo are used as soldiers on the front lines of armed conflicts. Police in Bulgaria and Guatemala beat and torture homeless street children; disabledRead MoreEnvironmental Awareness And The Environment1191 Words à |à 5 PagesOur environment is a shared resource that has increasingly been threatened by the rapid expansion of the extractive industry to keep up with demands driven by consumerism. The deterioration of the environment, threatens the earth s natural resources such as our clean water, fossil fuels for energy and food. One attribute that I believe is crucial to good citizenship is having environmental awareness and educating others about it because the health of the environment is not only a political issueRead MoreIntergenerational Justice Apa1146 Words à |à 5 PagesIntergenerational Justice Suzan Khlaikhel Schiller International University Intergenerational Justice Now we have to consider the fairness between generations. There is no need to emphasize the difficulties raised by the problem. However, the presentation of justice as fairness would be incomplete without a discussion of this important issue. It arises in this context because it is still an open question whether it is possible to make the social system as a whole, competitive economy, surroundedRead MoreResponsible Stewardship Of Wild And Marine Life1508 Words à |à 7 Pagesstewardship should not be taken lightly. It is a privilege bestowed upon mankind that not only embellishes Godââ¬â¢s plan to protect what he created but it also gives mankind a moral and ethical responsibility to ensure that our planet will continue to have sustainable resources for future generations to come. The word stewardship can be defined in many ways to suit many purposes, but for the purpose of preserving wildlife and other natural resources, the best definition comes from the Merriam-Webster onlineRead MoreSustainable DEvelopment: The Key for Future Generations1572 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿Sustainable Development The key for future generations Sustainable Development Definition Although there are many definitions about what sustainable development (SD) is, the most widely accepted one, is the one stated by the Brundtland Commission in their report ââ¬ËOur Common Futureââ¬â¢ (also known as the Brundtland Report). Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (BrundtlandRead MoreGun Control And The American People1236 Words à |à 5 Pagesto the protection of our rights as U.S. citizens, our safety from those mean us harm, and the maintenance of an important economic market for providing legal firearms for both sport and protection. Rather than making gun ownership harder for law abiding U.S. citizens, we should be more aggressively enforcing the gun-related laws currently in place, while looking for ways to make legal gun ownership less complicated and burdensome. This will help protect the constitutional freedoms of future generationsRead MoreWhat is Obamacare?716 Words à |à 3 PagesWhat is Obamacare? ââ¬Å"Obamacare is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. The name was created by critics of President Obamas efforts to reform health care, but it stuck. Even Pre sident Obama likes it, because he says it shows he does care.â⬠(Amadeo, N.d) In short, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a policy in which you are required to obtain medical insurance if you do not already have any, or be subject to a tax. The most easily argued aspect of the bill is constitutionalityRead MoreThe Equal Protection Clause783 Words à |à 4 PagesRacism is a powerful piece in our nations history. About more than 60 years ago, we struggled in a society of discrimination and racial segregation. We lived in a time of cruelty because we didnââ¬â¢t see eye to eye with a person who had a different skin color. But overtime we have evolved from racism and focused on fairness. The interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment has contributed to racial equality by the Equal Protection clause. The clause was a deciding factor in cases that involved racismRead MoreThe Steady Rise in Domestic Violence1113 Words à |à 4 Pagesimpacting our lives and most imp ortantly there has been a significant rise in the domestic violence. The main victims have been the females and they have been persecuted in a number of ways and it has not helped their cause at all. Domestic violence against the females has existed for centuries now and time and again there have been cases where they were forced to the limit but things have never become so gloomy and open as they are now. When the violence starts to infringe upon the right of the otherRead MoreThe Assimilation Policy and Its Impact on the Indigenous Australian Society1071 Words à |à 5 Pagesfighting for their rights through protests, strikes and the notorious ââ¬Ëday of mourningââ¬â¢. However, over the last century the Australian federal government has generated policies which manage and restrained that of the Aboriginal peopleââ¬â¢s rights, citizenships and general protection. The Australian government policy that has had the most significant impact on indigenous Australians is the as similation policy. The reasons behind this include the influences that the stolen generation has had on the indigenous
Saturday, December 28, 2019
Friday, December 20, 2019
Use Of Steroids For Sports Athletes - 1684 Words
The Use of Steroids in Sports Imagine yourself as a young professional athlete, who has been suffering from constant injuries. Physical therapy might help the injury heal but the time being wasted also plays a major factor. Your doctor and physician eventually bring up the conversation of early retirement unless you can show them that youââ¬â¢re capable of returning to your natural ways. Realizing that your career could be here today and gone tomorrow is something that every athlete thinks about. Suddenly the idea of steroids enters your mind and it could possibly be the only thing to save your career and more importantly your body. The use of steroids by professional athletes has been acknowledged as a problem since at least the 1960s (CNN). This has led to sports organizations banning illegal substances from being used by any athlete. Not giving consideration that perhaps steroids can surge the athleteââ¬â¢s potential along with increasing their career expectancy. Therefore a thletes should be allowed to use steroids. Visualize a world where steroids are common and legal for sports. Bigger, faster, and stronger athletes will be produced to make the sport itself much more exciting. There would be a higher level of competition along with less drama about athletes playing unfair. When an athlete is having trouble with reaching their maximum potential, they turn to the idea of using steroids. Some athletes take a form of steroids known as anabolic-androgen steroids or just anabolicShow MoreRelatedSteroid Use in Sports1732 Words à |à 7 Pagespercent of professional athletes use illegal steroids which are also known as performance enhancing drugs. These substances which are banned in professional sports arenââ¬â¢t just any type of steroid or drug. They are called anabolic steroids or performance enhancing drugs, and they are synthetically produced substances of male testosterone hormones. The use of these illegal steroids has garnered a lot of publicity within the world of sports over the past few years. As athletes continue to become biggerRead MoreSteroids And Other Performance Enhancing Drugs1407 Words à |à 6 PagesSteroids in Sports Introduction The debate over athletes using steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs has always been a hot-button issue in the sports world. From major league athletes in baseball and football; to track stars and bicyclist in the Olympics, the use of steroids in sports has been a wide-range problem. Those who disagree with the use of steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs say that the athletes who use them are breaking the rules and getting an unfair advantage overRead MoreEssay about The Use of Steroids in Sports1299 Words à |à 6 Pagescharacteristic associated sports. So much attention, time, and money are devoted to sports these days, maybe even too much. Perhaps all the pressure is what has sparked steroid use in sports and stimulated numerous controversies over the subject. The use of steroids is an unfair training method for sports. Unfairness is contrary to laws, marked by deception, and unethical. When the legality, lack of work and advantageousness, and cheating are exam ined it is easy to see how steroids are extremely unfairRead MoreAnabolic Steroid Use in Sports Summary1493 Words à |à 6 PagesAnabolic Steroid use in Sports The competitive drive to win at all cost is fierce among athletes. Winning at all cost often includes using one of many performance enhancing drugs such as anabolic steroids. Many athletes use performance enhancing drugs, like steroids, to achieve higher goals and set higher records than other drug-free successful athletes. Although athletes are performing at higher levels when using such drugs, what is the cost? Finally anabolic steroids should remain bannedRead More Steroids in Sports Essay1122 Words à |à 5 PagesProfessional sports are very special in the United States. One reason for this is the spirit of competition. However, steroid use taints this competition. If steroids were to be completely eliminated from sports, the competition would be much more special because athletes would compete with their hearts and will, without an extra boost. Also, since not everybody can be a professional athlete, the elimination of steroid use, in my opinion, would make the fans appreciate the game more and make themRead MoreSteriods in Sports Essay1259 Words à |à 6 PagesThat athlete could improve his or her already superb skills into something even greater. This can be possible with the help of steroids. There is a current debate of allowing steroids to be legal in sports. Steroids should not be allowed in sports. Some people ask why. This research paper will give those people just a few of the many reasons why it should not be allowed. Through examining dangers of steroid abuse, ethics in sports, and characteristics of individuals who take and use steroids, it isRead MoreThe Increasing Epidemic of Steroids621 Words à |à 3 Pages Steroids As the popularity of sports continues to increase in society, so has the use of performance enhancing drugs, primarily anabolic steroids. Anabolic steroids increase the amount of testosterone in the body which allows for increased muscular development. These drugs have been known to be used in all kinds of different sports. Athletes will use these drugs to try to please fans, receive a large contract, and to try to keep up with the players who are already using these drugs. This is creatingRead MoreDrugs Should Be Banned For Professional Sports1211 Words à |à 5 PagesDrug Use In Sports Ninety-eight percent of professional athletes say that they would take performance enhancing drugs if they didnââ¬â¢t have a chance of getting caught. Performance enhancing drugs, or PEDs, or steroids, have been around since 776 BC when the Greeks would use them to improve their performance in the Olympic Games. During World War II, the Germans, including Hitler, would take steroids to make themselves stronger and more aggressive. The Americans, British, and Japanese also began toRead MoreSports Philosophy And Recreation : Anabolic Steroids1430 Words à |à 6 PagesSports Philosophy and Recreation Are Anabolic Steroids Important Of Body Building? I will argue no that anabolic steroids are not important for body building because they have great negative effects. The use of anabolic steroids has been discouraged over the years because of their side effects, and they are against the philosophy of sports. The steroids are medicine and protein supplements that aid in the body building. I hugely oppose the notion that anabolic steroid are imperative in buildingRead MoreSteroids And Athletes Should Not Be Allowed1234 Words à |à 5 PagesSteroids and Athletes What is the best way to get big quick? Most would say to go to the gym or start a more intense workout program and eat right. It is contrary for some professional athletes that go against the correct way to maximize their strength and take steroids. Most your sport competitors participate in sports to have the opportunity to put their abilities against those of their peers. Many athletes are determined to win at all cost. They may use that determination to justify the use of
Wednesday, December 11, 2019
The Health Belief Theory
Questions: 1. Discuss the concepts and sub concepts of the theory with clarity and simplicity. 2. Describe the generality of the theory and how it is applied broadly across the culture. Give examples that support your view. 3. Discuss the impact and continuing influence or predictability for further development. Answers: Introduction According to Wills (2015), the health belief theory explains that the involvement or lack of involvement in behaviours that promote health is triggered by beliefs and factors that include perceived benefits for undertaking the action, severity of health problem , a cue or stimulus for taking the action and self-efficacy in taking the action. Discussion 1. The health belief model has six concepts as described below Perceived Susceptibility The perceived susceptibility refers to the assessment of an individual in acquiring the disease or the health condition (Walker Jackson, 2015).The health belief model asserts that individual who conceives themselves as more susceptible to acquiring a certain health problem will engage in behaviors that aim at reducing the risk of acquiring the health condition (Walker Jackson, 2015) .The theory also explains that the individual who perceives themselves to be at a lower risk of contracting the health problem are likely to involve themselves in risky and unhealthy behaviors and do not take the necessary precaution in preventing the risk of acquiring the health problem. Perceived Severity The health belief model explains perceived severity as the person perception on the potential consequences and seriousness of the health condition (Davis, Buchanan Green, 2013).The people who perceive the health problem as likely to cause a serious health condition or consequences are more likely to develop positive health behaviors in order to prevent the health condition. Perceived Benefits The perceived benefits refer to the persons believes that taking a certain action will lower the susceptibility and severity for a particular health condition (Ar-Yuwat, Clark, Hunter James, 2013). An individual who believes that undertaking a certain action will reduce seriousness and risk of the health condition will engage in it regardless on the objective fact of whether the action is effective or not effective. Perceived Barriers The perceived barrier is ones beliefs on the obstacles that hinder the behavioral change including both psychological and tangible cost (Ayele, Tesfa, Abebe, , Tilahun Girma, 2012). The perceived barrier prevent a person from embracing a health promoting behavior despite understanding that undertaking certain action will reduce the threat of disease. The behavioral change can, therefore, occur if perceived benefits outweigh the perceived barriers. The perceived barriers include the cost of undertaking the action, discomfort, and side effects for undertaking the behavioral change. Cues to Action The health belief model argues that there should be activating factors required for an individual to undertake a behavioural change in promoting good health (Jalilian, Hazavehei, Vahidinia, Jalilian Moghimbeigi, 2013).The triggering factors to taking the action can be both external and internal. The external triggering factors include the information and awareness provided to an individual from other people. The internal triggering factors can be psychological including pain and symptoms. Self-efficacy The Health belief model states that self-efficacy is the individual perception as possessing the capability of undertaking the action towards promoting positive health behaviors. Ar-Yuwat, Clark, Hunter James (2013) asset that the individual who believes to possess the ability to change their behaviors in order to prevent a health problem are more likely to change their behaviors. The actions for behavioral change may include exercise, quitting smoking and diet modification. 2. Application The health belief model is applied in promoting positive behavioral changes by targeting the various concepts of the model in order to prevent and reduce the risks of health problem due to certain behaviors (Wills, 2015). The application aim at increasing the peoples perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, perceived severity, cue to action and perceived benefit and decreasing the perceived barriers in order for them to undertake behavioral changes aimed at promoting health (Wills, 2015). The health belief model can, for example, be used to impose behavioral changes in order to prevent the risk of heart attack in the members of the community by educating them on the consequences and risk of the disease, prevalence, incidences and training the people on the health promoting behaviors. The model can also be used to reduce HIV transmission by use of a condom. The educator can increase the perceived susceptibility and perceived severity in not using a condom and manipulate the people on the perceived benefits of using a condom in order to reduce the risk of contracting HIV. 3. Impact and Influences The embracement of the health belief model in the health sector can have a significant impact on reducing the risk of developing certain health conditions. The health professional should use the health belief model in order to educate and manipulate the people to change the behaviors that are risk factors for certain diseases and promote behaviors that prevent the diseases (Davis, Buchanan Green, 2013). The theory, however, does not relate other reasons that may be influencing health- related behaviors but unrelated with health. A person exercising for leisure and to feel better does not fit in this model because there is no negative consequence motivating the person to exercise although the person avoids risk of heart attack due to exercise. Conclusion The health belief model is one of the theories that can be embraced by health care professional in order to champion for good health of the people by inspiring people to live a healthy lifestyle. The health belief model has six concepts all of which determines a person adoption to behaviours that promote health. The understanding of the six concepts of the health belief model by the health care professional is what helps them guide the patient on ways of changing behaviours that promote health. References Ar-Yuwat, S., Clark, M. J., Hunter, A., James, K. S. (2013). Determinants of physical activity in primary school students using the health belief model.J Multidiscip Healthc,6, 119-26. Ayele, K., Tesfa, B., Abebe, L., Tilahun, T., Girma, E. (2012). Self care behavior among patients with diabetes in Harari, Eastern Ethiopia: the health belief model perspective.PloS one,7(4), e35515. Davis, J. L., Buchanan, K. L., Green, B. L. (2013). Racial/ethnic differences in cancer prevention beliefs: Applying the health belief model framework.Health Promotion,27(6), 384-389. Jalilian, F., Hazavehei, S. M. M., Vahidinia, A. A., Jalilian, M., Moghimbeigi, A. (2013). Prevalence and related factors for choosing self-medication among pharmacies visitors based on Health Belief Model in Hamadan Province, West of Iran.Journal of research in health sciences,13(1), 81-85. Walker, K., Jackson, R. (2015). The health belief model and determinants of oral hygiene practices and beliefs in preteen children: a pilot study.Pediatric dentistry,37(1), 40-45. Wills, T. (2015). Factors relating to motivation to change behaviour in individuals who are overweight: application of the health belief model.
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